Business Case:
As a part of reorganization and to better serve the customer needs, you are regrouping many of the customers. In SAP terms, you are changing the Sales Office, Sales Group and Customer Groups for specific Customer Master Records. Typically, you would maintain customer records with transaction XD02 to update 'Sales View'. You would enter Customer Key (Customer No, Sales Organization, Distribution Channel, and Division) and update relevant fields on Sales View screen.
This document contains Step-by-step instructions to use LSMW to update Customer Master Records. It has two demonstration examples - one using Batch Recording and another using standard SAP Object.
Demo Example 1
LSMW to Update Customer Master Records with Transaction Recording
Call Legacy System Migration Workbench by entering transaction code LSMW. Every conversion task is grouped together as Project / Subproject / Object structure. Create a Project called LSMW_DEMO and a Subproject as CUSTOMERS and Object as CUST_REC as shown in Figure Below.
The main screen of LSMW provides wizard-like step-by-step tasks, as shown in Figure below. To complete your data conversion, you need to execute these steps in sequence. Once a step is executed, the cursor is automatically positioned to the next step.
Note that these steps may look different depending upon your Personal menu settings. You could make step numbers visible by 'Numbers on' icon or hidden by 'Numbers off' icon. You can execute a step by double-clicking on the row. Toggle icon 'Doubleclick=Display' or 'Doubleclick=Edit', makes the step in 'display' mode or 'change' mode.
Step 1: Maintain Object attributes
In this example, you will be updating the customer master records with the help of recording a transaction (XD02). Choose radio button Batch Input Recording and click on the recording overview icon to record the R/3 transaction. Enter the Recording name as XD02_REC, the description as Customer Master Updates Recording, and the transaction code as XD02.
The system calls the transaction code XD02 and prompts you to complete the Change
Customer transaction, as shown in Figure 4. Enter the key customer information (I entered customer number 1000, sales organization 1000, distribution channel 01, and division 00) and choose 'Sales' view within 'Sales area data'. Make changes to these three fields (I entered, sales office 1010, sales group 110, and customer group 01) and save the transaction.
Once the transaction is completed, R/3 records the flow of screens and fields and saves the information, as shown in Figure below.
Note that the fields are populated with default values. The values you entered when you recorded the transaction are set by default.
Note that if you have more fields in the recording than needed, you can remove them by clicking 'Remove Screen field' icon 
.
Observe that the transaction-recording process stores field names in a technical format. By pressing the F1 key on individual screen fields and then pressing the F9 key, the system displays technical names. You then can replace the technical names with descriptive names. Double-click on the field RF02D-KUNNR and enter the name as KUNNR and the description as Customer Account Number and remove the default value. (See Figure below.)
Similarly, double-click on all other fields with default values and make appropriate changes. Once you have made changes, the recording overview screen looks like what you see in Figure below.
Save your changes. When you go back to the initial screen, you will see that the initial screen steps have changed. Since you want to import data via the BDC method, the Direct Input and *IDoc-*related steps are hidden, as they are not relevant.
Step 2. Maintain Source Structures
Give a name and a description to the source structure (Figure below).
Step 3. Maintain Source Fields
In this step, you need to list what fields are present in the source structure. The easiest way is to click on 'Table Maintenance' icon to enter Fieldname, Type and Length for each field as shown in Figure below.
Note that your input file will have four fields as key fields and you need to update three fields in the system.
Step 4: Maintain Structure Relations
Execute a step to 'Maintain Structure Relations'. (See Figure below.) Since, there is only one Source and Target Structure, the relationship is defaulted automatically.
Step 5: Maintain field mapping and conversion rules
Field RF02D-D0310 represents that you chose 'Sales view' for the customer Master screen accordingly its value should be set to X. Keep your cursor on field RF02D-D0310 and click on Constant rule icon to choose the constant value of 'X'.
If your source file already has the field value, you choose rule 'Source Field'.
Keep cursor on field 'KUNNR' and click on 'Assign Source field' icon to choose source field CUSTOMER from structure XD02S as shown in Figure below.
Similarly, assign 'Source Field' rules to the remaining fields.
Once all the fields are mapped, you should have an overview screen as shown in Figure below.
Step 6: Maintain fixed values, translations, user-defined routines
You can also maintain re-usable translations and user-defined routines, which can be used across conversion tasks. In this case, that step is not required.
Step 7: Specify files
In this step, we define how the layout of the input file is. The input file is a [Community:Tab] delimited with the first row as field names. It is present on my PC (local drive) as C:\XD02.txt. (See Figure below.)
Create an Excel file (Figure below) with your data and save it as a Tab-delimited text file on your local drive (C:\ and name it XD02.txt).
Step 8: Assign files
Execute step 'Assign Files' (Figure below) and the system automatically defaults the filename to the source structure.
Step 9: Read data
In this step, LSMW reads the data (Figure below) from the source file (from your PC's local drive). You have the option to read only selected rows and convert data values to Internal format.
Step 10: Display read data
This step (Figure below) is optional. If required, you can review the field contents for the rows of data read.
Step 11: Convert data
This is the step that actually converts the source data (in source format) to a target format. Based on the conversion rules defined, source fields are mapped to target fields.
Step 12: Display Converted data
Again this is an optional step to view how the source data is converted to internal SAP format (Figure below).
Step 13: Create batch input session
Once the source data is converted in an internal format, you can create a batch session to process updates (Figure below).
Step 14: Run Batch Input Session
You can execute the BDC session by Run Batch input session. Executing a batch input session is a standard SM35 transaction for managing BDC sessions. Once you have successfully executed the batch input session, the customer master records are updated in the system. You can confirm this by viewing the customer master records (XD03).
Note! Browsing thru these 14 steps, you may get a feeling that this is a very lengthy and time-consuming activity. However, for the purposes of demonstration, I have made it detailed. Although it looks lengthy, actually it takes hardly few hours from start-to-finish! After playing around with few simple LSMW scripts, you will find it so easy to change and create more complex ones.
출처: http://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/CRM/Learning+LSMW+Step+by+Step%21%21%21
